Animatronics showbiz pizza

or Best Offer. Showbiz Pizza Rock-afire Earl Schmerle Animatronic Parts. Pre-Owned. C $274.17. jnt9000 (68) 96.9%. or Best Offer. from United States. 54 watchers. Rock-afire Explosion grey box audio cable replacement- animatronic showbiz pizza.

Animatronics showbiz pizza. Rock-afire Explosion Characters. ShowBizPizza.com - Where Everyone Can Be a Kid, since 1999. All characters and brands are ©/® their respective owners. ShowBizPizza.com - Information on the Rock-afire Explosion characters, stages, and history.

After the Showbiz Pizza's closed, some guy bought a set of the animatronics and would choreograph them to different pop songs. …

Animatronics. References. Joliet, IL (1965 W Jefferson St) Joliet in the early 2000’s. 1965 W Jefferson St,Store #94 [1] was a Showbiz Pizza Place/Chuck E. …Rock-afire Explosion Characters. ShowBizPizza.com - Where Everyone Can Be a Kid, since 1999. All characters and brands are ©/® their respective owners. ShowBizPizza.com - Information on the Rock-afire Explosion characters, stages, and history.Apr 20, 2021 · Take a trip back to the 80s at Smitty's Super Service Station in Mississippi and see the old school Rock-afire Explosion animatronic characters sing and danc... Dr. Dux/DJ Dux is an obscure character from the PTT era of Chuck E. Cheese's. No official name for the character has been given. He was never shown to the public, and he was never installed at any locations. His only known use was for testing a diagnostic tape which contained noises for many characters, sound effects, and the Band Board. His current …Rock-afire Explosion Characters. ShowBizPizza.com - Where Everyone Can Be a Kid, since 1999. All characters and brands are ©/® their respective owners. ShowBizPizza.com - Information on the Rock-afire Explosion characters, stages, and history.The largest online archive of Chuck E. Cheese's, ShowBiz Pizza Place, and Rock-afire Explosion information, photos, videos, & more!Foxy Colleen (also known as Foxy Flanagan) was an Irish female fox character who was a guest star at Pizza Time Theatre. Foxy Colleen debuted in October 1978. She was the third guest star to be introduced, following Helen Henny in August 1977 and Madame Oink in February 1978. Like Harmony Howlette, she was voiced by an unknown actress, …Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room at Disneyland A Billy Bob animatronic with a child at a ShowBiz Pizza Place History Timeline. 1939 (): Sparko, The Robot Dog, pet of Elektro, performs in front of the public but Sparko, unlike many depictions of robots in that time, represented a living animal, thus becoming the very first modern day animatronic character, along with an unnamed horse which was ...

Feb 13, 2021 · The Rock-afire Explosion is an animatronic character band that appeared in ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants from 1980 to 1992. When ShowBiz Pizza rebranded in 1992, the band was replaced by Chuck E. Cheese characters. hi!! i really want to see showbiz or chuck e cheese in person. i've seen chuck e cheese before, but never any showbiz pizza animatronics, as i was born in 2008. does anyone know where i can see any of the animatronics in person, since chuck e cheese is removing most of their animatronics? especially munch's make believe band, as i don't find that …Friendly Freddy was an early animatronic created by Aaron Fechter for Creative Engineering in 1977. He was a black bear with a guitar. Later on, Friendly Freddy was retrofitted to become General Cornelius Bearpatch as part of The Confederate Critter Show, where he was given facial hair and a Confederate soldier outfit. He was found …Aaron Fechter (born December 22, 1953) is an American mechanical engineer, entrepreneur, voice actor, singer, and musician who owns and operates Creative Engineering, Inc. (CEI). He is best known as the creator of The Rock-afire Explosion, an animatronic show featuring a variety of characters created primarily for Showbiz Pizza …CEI Early Animatronics - Photo Gallery. Willie Wabbit - Orlando Int. Airport (late 1970s) *This was CEI's first animatronic character - Willie Wabbit. He was placed in a kiosk at the airport in Orlando to advertise for Mystery Fun House and attract tourist customers. Friendly Freddy & Dracula (late 1970s) The Confederate Critter Band (late 1970s)The first pizza is believed to have been made in Naples by Raffaele Esposito in 1889. Other variations of flat breads with and without toppings were created previously by Egyptians...

The Shelf (also known as the Portrait Show or The Portrait Stage) was the original animatronic show format at Pizza Time Theatre restaurants. The Shelf debuted on May 17, 1977, at the very first Pizza Time Theatre in San Jose, California. It gained the nickname, "Portrait Show" because the characters (except for Pasqually and later Munch) were housed in 4-foot-tall picture frames. The version ... The Awesome Adventure Machine is a stage concept that was tested in 1997 at the Montfort Drive location in Dallas, Texas, replacing a 3-Stage . The concept was based on the Awesome Adventure Machine, a device that was used in showtapes from 1996-1997. The stage featured a single Chuck E. Cheese animatronic at center stage, with a large monitor ... If you’re craving pizza but don’t feel like leaving your house, delivery is the perfect solution. But how do you find the closest delivery pizza near you? Here are some tips and tr...Uncle Klunk Animatronic showbiz pizza robot:$0.99. This is a once in a lifetime opportunity! Up for sale is a perfectly functioning Uncle Klunk robot that was manufactured by Creative Engineering for showbiz pizza place. Not many of these robots actually made it out to the restaurants. And shortly after their creation, creative …

Market basket coupon policy.

Showbiz Pizza Rock-afire Earl Schmerle Animatronic Parts. Pre-Owned. $200.00. jnt9000 (68) 96.9%. or Best Offer. Free shipping. 51 watchers. Rock-afire Curtain Valance Showbiz Pizza Animatronic Chuck E Cheese CEC FNAF. Mini-Stage banner featuring Billy Bob, Looney Bird, etc.The MoonRockers were a retrofitted version of The Rock-afire Explosion that was created by Aaron Fechter in 1985 after the merger of ShowBiz Pizza Place and Pizza Time Theatre took place. The characters were designed by Dave Thomas, and the introduction song, "We're The MoonRockers", as well as "Cyclops Boogie" and the reprise of the MoonRockers Theme were written by Burt Wilson. Burt also ...Aaron Fechter (born December 22, 1953) is an American mechanical engineer, entrepreneur, voice actor, singer, and musician who owns and operates Creative Engineering, Inc. (CEI). He is best known as the creator of The Rock-afire Explosion, an animatronic show featuring a variety of characters created primarily for Showbiz Pizza … Rock-afire Explosion Characters. ShowBizPizza.com - Where Everyone Can Be a Kid, since 1999. All characters and brands are ©/® their respective owners. ShowBizPizza.com - Information on the Rock-afire Explosion characters, stages, and history. The 3-Stage is an animatronic stage format found at some Chuck E. Cheese's restaurants. The format is found in locations that originated as ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants. In most cases, the animatronics on the 3-Stage are manufactured by Creative Engineering.. Format []. The 3-Stage contains characters across three separate stages.The Rock-afire Explosion is an animatronic character band that appeared in ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants from 1980 to 1992. When ShowBiz Pizza rebranded in 1992, the band was replaced by Chuck E. Cheese characters.

Going to find the building again soon. Stay tuned.Playing your favorite animatronic hits, 24/7. VIDEO ARCHIVE. Archival collection of video clips. SOCIAL. The Social section of ShowBizPizza.com features the fandom-centric aspects of this hobby - where fans can …And, Domino's is riding high on the subcontinent's love for fast food. India now has an insatiable appetite for pizzas. And, Domino’s is riding high on the subcontinent’s love for ...July 1980 (SPP) November 1989 (CEC) Released. USA (current) Guatemala (former) The 3-Stage is an animatronic stage format found at some Chuck E. Cheese's restaurants. The format is found in locations that originated as ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants. In most cases, the animatronics on the 3-Stage are manufactured by Creative Engineering .Yoko Obo Animatronic Major Magics Showbiz Pizza Chuck E. Cheese. Opens in a new window or tab. Pre-Owned. $3,000.00. jnt9000 (68) 96.9%. or Best Offer. Free local pickup. 55 watchers. New Listing Vtg 1994 SHOWBIZ PIZZA CHUCK E CHEESE MOUSE BLOW MOLD CUP - Straw Missing. Opens in a new window or tab. Pre-Owned. $5.00.Friendly Freddy was an early animatronic created by Aaron Fechter for Creative Engineering in 1977. He was a black bear with a guitar. Later on, Friendly Freddy was retrofitted to become General Cornelius Bearpatch as part of The Confederate Critter Show, where he was given facial hair and a Confederate soldier outfit. He was found …ShowBiz Pizza Place. The type of animatronics used in the ShowBiz pizza chain – which featured an overall-clad, hillbilly bear named Billy Bob as one of its central characters – distinguished it from its rival which offered many of the same services. Following Pizza Time Theatre’s bankruptcy filing in 1984, however,…

Family Album was a rare unused Cabaret Test band [1] that was temporally installed at 6 locations during Pizza Time Theatre's golden age and bankruptcy starting with Clawson, MI in 1983, Warwick, RI in bankruptcy period due to a shortage of Balcony Stage animatronics in 1984, and Danvers, MA when they willingly sent their Balcony Stage to the Fall River, MA location in February, 1985. The show ...

After the Showbiz Pizza's closed, some guy bought a set of the animatronics and would choreograph them to different pop songs. …Rock-afire Curtain Valance Showbiz Pizza Animatronic Chuck E Cheese CEC FNAF. Opens in a new window or tab. Mini-Stage banner featuring Billy Bob, Looney Bird, etc. Pre-Owned. $5,999.00. dylanlip1 (632) 100%. or Best Offer. Free shipping. 107 watchers. The Rock-afire Explosion & Showbiz Pizza Place Metal Reproduction Sign Set.Showbiz Pizza [] Fechter was hired by Bob Brock to create the animatronic characters for ShowBiz Pizza Place. He would later perform as a voice actor for the restaurant's shows. Looney Bird's [] Fechter was the founder of Looney Bird's, which began operation in 1997. It has been said that he was very involved with the operation of the location ...The animatronics, however, weren't originally meant to be a main draw for youngsters. The franchise is the brainchild of Nolan Bushnell, who co-founded Atari, the …Explore the history, origins and ultimate downfall of Chuck E. Cheese Pizza Time Theatre & Showbiz Pizza Place: The Animatronic Pizza Parlor Icons of the 80'...A compilation of Showbiz Pizza Place’s classic commercials!Copyright Disclaimer under section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for “fair use”...Aug 25, 2017 ... Cheese's lineup — known as Munch's Make Believe Band — is the result of a 1984 merger between ShowBiz Pizza Place and Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza ...Latest Images. Creative Engineering, Inc. or CEI in Orlando, Florida, is a company most famous for creating animatronic (or Electronimation) characters featured around the world and at Showbiz Pizza Place restaurant in the 1980’s. Creative Engineering’s most popular creation is The Rock-afire Explosion, a 3-stage life-sized 8 character ...CEI Early Animatronics - Photo Gallery. Willie Wabbit - Orlando Int. Airport (late 1970s) *This was CEI's first animatronic character - Willie Wabbit. He was placed in a kiosk at the airport in Orlando to advertise for Mystery Fun House and attract tourist customers. Friendly Freddy & Dracula (late 1970s) The Confederate Critter Band (late 1970s)Misc. Animatronics Videos. Jasper's Dog Den - We Are the Champions. Unearthing the Mysteries of J.J.'s Pizza Theatre. Sally Corp's Goosebumps Dark Ride Animatronic Slappy. ShowBizPizza.com - archival video library of clips and original programming relating to the history of Chuck E. Cheese.

When is meg mcnamara coming back to wjz.

Miami heat store coupon code.

Aug 17, 2020 ... Love to party, because today's episode of Animatronic Pizza History, we're taking about a Pizzeria from the 80s, ShowBiz Pizza Place. ShowBiz Pizza Place was a restaurant chain which was very popular in the 1980s. Its history is greatly intertwined with that of its main competitor and eventual successor, Chuck E. Cheese's. Both companies found early success, owing partially to the rise in popularity of arcade games at the time. The basic concept was to offer pizza, a large selection of arcade games, and an animatronic stage ... This easy breakfast “pizza” is a quick way to use up leftover pita bread. In just about the time it takes to brew your coffee, you can have slices of this hot, eggy dish ready. And...The Rock-afire Explosion is a nostalgic and heartwarming documentary about the animatronic band of animals that once rocked Showbiz Pizza Place.Directed by B...The MoonRockers were a retrofitted version of The Rock-afire Explosion that was created by Aaron Fechter in 1985 after the merger of ShowBiz Pizza Place and Pizza Time Theatre took place. The characters were designed by Dave Thomas, and the introduction song, "We're The MoonRockers", as well as "Cyclops Boogie" and the reprise of the …Starting bid: US $2,000.00 Price: US $3,300.00 Good Luck!!! !!NEWS!! New Showbiz animatronic for sale! (Mitzi) ... this is obviously Beach Bear from showbiz pizzaANIMATRONIC PIZZA WARS. With the pending litigation hovering above both companies, Pizza Time and ShowBiz embark on an aggressive expansion plan. The number of new stores that open during 1980-1982 explode; often times competing stores are opened within sight of one another. In order to stay ahead of their competitor and gain a greater market ...A. Animatronics B. Showbiz Pizza and Chuck E Cheese are inspirations to FNaF C. FNaF is mentioned in the video D. I wouldn't be surprised if Tested contacted this kid to make a FNaF skin for the exoskeleton. The kid wants to make new skin and Tested happens to have a bunch of Special Effects and robotics savy people on their team.Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room at Disneyland A Billy Bob animatronic with a child at a ShowBiz Pizza Place History Timeline. 1939 (): Sparko, The Robot Dog, pet of Elektro, performs in front of the public but Sparko, unlike many depictions of robots in that time, represented a living animal, thus becoming the very first modern day animatronic character, along with an unnamed horse which was ... ….

Classic Rock-afire material caught in 1995 at Circus Pizza in Blaine, MN.ShowBizPizza.com is an educational website designed to inform the public about all aspects and topics relating to the history of Chuck E. Cheese's and ShowBiz Pizza Place. Since 1999, we have been the premiere online resource for people seeking to learn more about this unique restaurant concept. Our operation and service to the fan community is ...After the Showbiz Pizza's closed, some guy bought a set of the animatronics and would choreograph them to different pop songs. …The Mijjins were smaller animatronics created by Creative Engineering during the early 1990s. Between 1990 and 1992, The Rock-afire Explosion was being phased out of ShowBiz Pizza Place after Concept Unification. Creative Engineering was attempting to reinvent the Rock-afire Explosion. Around 1991, the first new style of animatronic was created by one of CEI's employees, Chris Lanusse who had ...But because this wasn’t enough for one lifetime, he also developed the Rock-afire Explosion, the animatronic house band for roughly 200 Showbiz Pizza restaurants in the 1980s. They were the ... Uncle Klunk is a guest character in The Rock-afire Explosion. At locations where he was installed, Klunk replaced Rolfe DeWolfe and Earl Schmerle on stage right. The animatronic used for Uncle Klunk is capable of 32 different movements.[1] Uncle Klunk was voiced by three different people during his run at ShowBiz. The initial Klunk shows were voiced by Jeff Howell. Later Klunk shows were ... CEI Early Animatronics - Photo Gallery. Willie Wabbit - Orlando Int. Airport (late 1970s) *This was CEI's first animatronic character - Willie Wabbit. He was placed in a kiosk at the airport in Orlando to advertise for Mystery Fun House and attract tourist customers. Friendly Freddy & Dracula (late 1970s) The Confederate Critter Band (late 1970s)Hannah Banana is the mascot for the Hannah Banana restaurant located in the United Kingdom. She is a monkey who speaks with a Welsh accent. Her animatronic is a retrofitted Mitzi Mozzarella with custom ear and tail mechs, with the tail being connected to the body turns via a hinge mechanism. The restaurant also had a walk-around version of ... Animatronics showbiz pizza, Vintage 1980's ShowBiz Pizza Place Billy Bob Souvenir Name License Plate John. Pre-Owned. $41.95. sapitosllc (1,649) 96.9%. or Best Offer. +$6.00 shipping. Tell us what you think. Get the best deals for showbiz pizza billy bob animatronic at eBay.com., The Rock-afire Explosion Characters. The Rock-afire Explosion - Stages and Character Information! , BILLY BOB - Performance - Country Bear - Rock-afire Explosion - Showbiz Pizza - Animatronic"Aaron Fechter has approved this video and its use of the Rock-afi..., Classic Rock-afire Explosion. The Rock-afire Explosion is considered by many to be the greatest animatronic rock band of all time. In the 1980s it was synonymous with ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants. Its combination of three full stages, incredible music talent, amazing cast of characters, and sophisticated animation have left an endearing mark ..., To handle the technical side of animating the animatronics, Landrum hired Larry Emmons and the team at Cyan Engineering (often referred to as Atari Grass Valley) to design the control system to make the show work. The first Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre opened on May 17, 1977 in San Jose, California., Welcome to the ShowBiz Pizza Wiki. The wiki covering the universe of Pizza Time Theatre, ShowBiz Pizza Place, Chuck E. Cheese's, the Pizza Time Players, and The Rock-afire Explosion that anyone can edit! Come for the info, stay for the fun! Contents. Companies. Pizza Time Theatre. ShowBiz Pizza Place. Chuck E. Cheese's. Discovery Zone., Vintage 1980's ShowBiz Pizza Place Billy Bob Souvenir Name License Plate John. Pre-Owned. $41.95. sapitosllc (1,649) 96.9%. or Best Offer. +$6.00 shipping. Tell us what you think. Get the best deals for showbiz pizza billy bob animatronic at eBay.com., Rock-afire Explosion Characters. ShowBizPizza.com - Where Everyone Can Be a Kid, since 1999. All characters and brands are ©/® their respective owners. ShowBizPizza.com - Information on the Rock-afire Explosion characters, stages, and history., Misc. Animatronics Videos. Jasper's Dog Den - We Are the Champions. Unearthing the Mysteries of J.J.'s Pizza Theatre. Sally Corp's Goosebumps Dark Ride Animatronic Slappy. ShowBizPizza.com - archival video library of clips and original programming relating to the history of Chuck E. Cheese., Take-out pizza from locations like Pizza Hut and Dominoes can be left out unrefrigerated for up to 24 hours. Pizza tends to become dry and hard when it sits at room temperature for..., A. Animatronics B. Showbiz Pizza and Chuck E Cheese are inspirations to FNaF C. FNaF is mentioned in the video D. I wouldn't be surprised if Tested contacted this kid to make a FNaF skin for the exoskeleton. The kid wants to make new skin and Tested happens to have a bunch of Special Effects and robotics savy people on their team., Position. Vocals, bass guitar. Voice. Aaron Fechter 1980-1986;1987-present. Bob West 1986-1987. Replaced. Unknown. Billy Bob Brockali (or Billy Bob for short) was the mascot of ShowBiz Pizza Place. He was one of three bears and one of the singers and was the bassist in The Rock-afire Explosion (the other being Beach Bear as the other guitar ..., Latest Images. Creative Engineering, Inc. or CEI in Orlando, Florida, is a company most famous for creating animatronic (or Electronimation) characters featured around the world and at Showbiz Pizza Place restaurant in the 1980’s. Creative Engineering’s most popular creation is The Rock-afire Explosion, a 3-stage life-sized 8 character ..., PUBLISHED 2:33 PM ET May 25, 2020. ORLANDO, Fla. — A maker of animatronics is giving us exclusive access to unveil his latest and most advanced version of a popular character. 1. The Rock-afire ..., King Kat was the last character to be added to Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre. He was a Michael Jackson-themed character and sang his songs using the original recordings. His animatronic was that same one for The King's, except modified. King Kat wore sunglasses, a curly afro hairstyle, a red-sequined jacket, a sequined glove, and held a …, Classic Rock-afire Explosion. The Rock-afire Explosion is considered by many to be the greatest animatronic rock band of all time. In the 1980s it was synonymous with ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants. Its combination of three full stages, incredible music talent, amazing cast of characters, and sophisticated animation have left an endearing mark ..., Fatz Geronimo was the larger than life gorilla at the center of The Rock-afire Explosion. Despite his immense size, outspoken nature, and commanding presence, Fatz has always been a fan-favorite and central …, Uncle Klunk Animatronic showbiz pizza robot:$0.99. This is a once in a lifetime opportunity! Up for sale is a perfectly functioning Uncle Klunk robot that was manufactured by Creative Engineering for showbiz pizza place. Not many of these robots actually made it out to the restaurants., Jul 4, 2012 ... ... animatronics pizza shows ever. I recall this installation being at Showbiz for a number of months. Soon..Jellystone was converted back to ..., Explore the history, origins and ultimate downfall of Chuck E. Cheese Pizza Time Theatre & Showbiz Pizza Place: The Animatronic Pizza Parlor Icons of the 80'..., CEI Early Animatronics - Photo Gallery. Willie Wabbit - Orlando Int. Airport (late 1970s) *This was CEI's first animatronic character - Willie Wabbit. He was placed in a kiosk at the airport in Orlando to advertise for Mystery Fun House and attract tourist customers. Friendly Freddy & Dracula (late 1970s) The Confederate Critter Band (late 1970s), Thought I'd put him on youtube too - meet my Billy Bob walk around head! He is the Creative Engineering version and looks very close to animatronic Billy Bo..., 1990 - Concept Unification is introduced, removing the Rock-afire Explosion from ShowBiz stores and replacing them with Chuck E. Cheese characters. 1992 - Having completed Concept Unification, Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza becomes the exclusive store brand operated by the company. 1994 - Following disappointing sales in 1993, ShowBiz Pizza Time …, Chuck E. Cheese (formerly Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre, Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza, and Chuck E. Cheese's) is a chain of American family entertainment centers.Chuck E. Cheese is the main brand of CEC Entertainment, Inc., with its headquarters in Irving, Texas. The concept is a sit-down pizza restaurant, complemented by arcade games, …, Rock-afire Explosion grey box audio cable replacement- animatronic showbiz pizza. Opens in a new window or tab. Pre-Owned. C $102.98. toukalbar_0 (295) 99.1%. or Best Offer. from United States. 81 watchers. 🌟🎄RARE 1987 Rock Afire Explosion ShowBiz Pizza Holiday Cassette Billy Bob🌟🎄 ..., Showbiz Pizza banked on kids and parents wanting the animatronics front and center instead of the framed afterthoughts of Chuck E. Cheese, and so flanked the stage with full-sized characters Fatz ..., July 1980 (SPP) November 1989 (CEC) Released. USA (current) Guatemala (former) The 3-Stage is an animatronic stage format found at some Chuck E. Cheese's restaurants. The format is found in locations that originated as ShowBiz Pizza Place restaurants. In most cases, the animatronics on the 3-Stage are manufactured by Creative Engineering ., Showbiz Pizza was a popular restaurant chain located in America. The chain was founded by Robert L. Brook and the company Creative Engineering in 1980 in Kansas City, Missouri. The chain was an arcade/restaurant place, featuring a stage filled with animatronic characters., Position. Vocals, bass guitar. Voice. Aaron Fechter 1980-1986;1987-present. Bob West 1986-1987. Replaced. Unknown. Billy Bob Brockali (or Billy Bob for short) was the mascot of ShowBiz Pizza Place. He was one of three bears and one of the singers and was the bassist in The Rock-afire Explosion (the other being Beach Bear as the other guitar ..., As long as the pops are as creepy as the animatronics were i'm in. Haha. Image Do or do not there is no try. Yoda '80 :SW9: Funklub ..., Hot Fudge was an animatronic band based on puppet characters from the children's TV series of the same name that was tested in six Pizza Time Theatre locations. The character names were different at each location and names were chosen in local contests. However, it should be noted that the characters in the Clawson location used their names from the …, ORLANDO, Fla. – After 40 years rocking out, Chuck E. Cheese is working to phase out its famous animatronic music shows. If you’ve been inside a Chuck E. Cheese, or even a now-defunct Showbiz Pizza Place in the last 40 years, you’ve no doubt seen the human-sized, plush creatures singing., CEI Early Animatronics - Photo Gallery. Willie Wabbit - Orlando Int. Airport (late 1970s) *This was CEI's first animatronic character - Willie Wabbit. He was placed in a kiosk at the airport in Orlando to advertise for Mystery Fun House and attract tourist customers. Friendly Freddy & Dracula (late 1970s) The Confederate Critter Band (late 1970s)